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...Note on spare parts research Which braking system is installed in the vehicle? Due to the range of models and spare parts produced by automobile manufacturers, it is not always possible to determine the precise components used in the braking system. In addition to the vehicle informat...

...When to replace a Receiver Dryer The receiver dryer is a filtering unit, located on the high-pressure side of the AC loop, between the condenser and the expansion valve. The receiver dryer's main role is to filter particles and debris in the AC circuit, as well as to absorb any moisture i...

...The receiver drier serves several important functions: 1) It acts as a temporary storage container for oil and refrigerant when neither are needed for system operation (such as during periods of low cooling demand). This is the “receiver” function of the receiver drier. 2) Most rece...

...The recommended intervals for changing brake fl uid vary tremendously depending on the manufacturer. This can be as often as every two years to actually never!For example, Chevrolet calls for a brake fl uid change on most models every 45,000 miles, while Honda states to do it every three y...

...When customers interfere and previous diagnoses are not accurate or correct This 2013 Golf VII 5G1 arrived having been doing the rounds at various garages trying to solve an SRS fault. Initial scan results showed a fault with the passenger pretensioner module A, no communication. The fa...

...When Codes Lie A recent case on a 2017 Ford Transit 2.0 Ecoblue with a fault code for a faulty injector circuit. The faults were P126A and P126D on the cylinders 1 and 4 input circuits. The technician followed the usual process of resistance testing both injectors. Both passed the test....

...1/2 WHEEL SPEED SENSORS Wheel speed sensors Installation/removal information The wheel speed sensor plays an essential role in the operation of many vehicle safety systems such as ABS and ESC. There are two kinds of sensors : - Active sensor...

...Wheel Speed Sensors Wheel speed sensors are the eyes and ears of the systems that control ABS and ESP. Joe Clarke, of the Dublin Institute of Technology, explains how to diagnose a problem caused by a fault in the wheel speed sensor’s input to the ECU. In the last decade, active v...

...Technical Information Wheel Speed Sensor General Wheel speed sensor are fitted near the wheel hubs or differentials and records the wheels speed. They work with the anti -lock -brake system, traction control system and the GPS. In a combination of systems the anti -lock -b rake...

...Wheel fastening PROBLEM The underestimated risks of an under or over tightened wheel, is either losing the wheel or plastic deformation of the wheel fastening. CAUSE The curve of the pretensioning force changes when a wheel fastening is tightened several times. The surface of the threa...



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