...stry. A reAc tion, combustion in this case, is stoichiometric if all of the constituents (air and fuel) are fully consumed during combustion. While a stoichiometric mixture produces no unwanted by-products, it is rarely of any use to an engine. Inefficiency The average 4-stroke petrol engin...
...erent charAc teristics of the larger diesel fuel molecules that make them different. Diesels have gone through significant changes in recent years, as emission laws have become increasingly stringent. The common rail system is now the industry standard, due to its higher efficiency and grea...
...EGR feedbAc k that are used to monitor and control EGR: Variations in manifold pressure and/or airflow When the EGR is commanded, the exhaust gases replAc e some of the inducted air. This will show as a reduction in air flow in the induction trAc t and an increase in any manifold pressure (p...
...ce of replAc ing the water pump along with timing belts and details the proper belt tensioning procedures for some Daewoo models. In its lifetime, the average OE water pump will circulate literally millions of litres of coolant, so it is vital that when a unit requires replAc ement, a pump o...
...e had replAc ed one or two parts, but the customer could not be certain as to what they were. Our first task was to check for any ECM fault codes; upon this we did discover one code, the airflow meter was below the minimum value. Prudence tells us we should check the Ac tual value of the air...
...ttery ReplAc ement ReplAc ing a worn out battery in a car, would probably be ranked as one of the easiest repair jobs any mechanic would be asked to do. But in some cases, you would be wrong. New technology has come to most parts of a car, and now it has taken battery replAc ement to a hig...
...in a haystAc k eXponentia gets to grips with the Controller Area Network (CAN) Bus system and figures out an intermittent fault on a 2007 Citroen C8 climate control system. I am sure we have all become aware of the complex nature of wiring used on vehicles over the last five year...
...is unit, eAc h with its own variation. However, the most common cause of failure occurs when belt is over tensioned. Being forearmed with the knowledge, it is easy to avoid if the correct fitting procedure is followed. In the overwhelming majority of cases, the cause of the failure is as a...
...and more Ac curate task. However, while this may be the case on the production line during the engine’s manufAc ture, it has proven to be a far more challenging operation for the workshop undertaking a timing belt replAc ement. The result of the problem is revealed by a premature failu...
...EGR FeedbAc k Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) has been around for many years, but just like any system, it has evolved and variations have been designed by various manufAc turers. This Institute of the Motor Industry (IMI) guide to the basic variations of EGR feedbAc k systems, will help yo...